Latest Updates from Tech world

Tuesday 29 August 2023

Why BLDC motors are widely used in Electric Vehicles(EVs)

Introduction: Brushless DC(BLDC) Motors used in Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming a popular alternative to internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. EVs are becoming popular by the day due to their numerous advantages over conventional gasoline powered vehicles. Basic components of an EV are an electric motor and rechargeable battery unit.
BLDC-Motors-In-Electric vehicles
A multi purpose BLDC Motor
There are various types of motors used in EVs, each with its own set of advantages and disadvantages.
In this article ,we are checking Why BLDC are widely used in Electric Vehicles(EVs)?.

Most commonly used EV motor types.

There are mainly five different types of electric motors which are being used in current and upcoming EVs.

Brushed DC Motors

Brushed DC Motor Working in Electric vehicles
Brushed DC Motor Working

DC motors can be made as brushed and brushless DC motors. In a brushed DC motor, permanent magnets forms its outer body with a rotating armature inside. The permanent magnets are stationary and are called the 'stator'. The rotating armature contains an electromagnet and is called the 'rotor'. DC is supplied to rotor through Carbon brushes .Usually rotor will have three arms.Once Dc flows through the arms of the rotor , stator magnet will attract /repel the rotor arms. Rotor spins flipping the magnetic field and enabling the rotor to spin 360-degrees.

Advantages of Brushed DC motor
  • Simple Design
  • High starting torque capability of the DC Series motor makes it a suitable option for traction application.
  • Easy speed control by varying current/voltage and it can also withstand a sudden increase in load.
Disadvantages of DC brushed motors
  • The main drawback of DC series motor is high maintenance due to brushes and commutators.
  • Not suitable for high power applications.
These kind of motors are rarely used in Evs.

Brushless DC Motor(BLDCM)


Brusless DC Motor Working in Electric vehicles
Brusless DC Motor Working
It is similar to DC motors with Permanent Magnets. It is called brushless because it does not have the commutator and brush arrangement. As you can see in the above image , rotor is a permanent magnet and stator is electromagnet.

In a brushed motor, rotation is achieved by controlling the magnetic fields generated by the coils on the rotor, while the magnetic field generated by the stationary magnets remains fixed. In a BLDC motor, it is the permanent magnet that rotates; rotation is achieved by changing the direction of the magnetic fields generated by the surrounding stationary coils. To control the rotation, you adjust the magnitude and direction of the current into these coils.

BLDC motors can further classified into Inner  Rotor and Outer Rotor . Inner rotor is same as that of what we have seen above. In outer rotor set up, permanent magnet rotor will be surrounding inner stator windings. 

 
Types of BLDC motors
Types of BLDC motor design
BLDC Hub motors: A hub motor is  one which can be directly connected to a wheel . This kind of BLDC motors are widely used in low cost e Bikes and Scooters . You can even buy one online at a reasonable cost. 

BLDC Hub Motor For Electric Scooters and bikes
BLDC Hub Motor For Electric Scooters.
Advantage of Brushless DC motors
  • Commutation is done electronically in this motor .So BLDC motors are maintenance free.
  • BLDC motors have traction characteristics like high starting torque, high efficiency .
  • BLDC motors are suitable for high power density design approach.

AC Motors

An AC motors basically have a stator with rotating magnetic field and rotor which is either a permanent magnet o an electromagnet.
AC motor working
Basic Structure of an AC Motor

Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM)

A synchronous electric motor is an AC electric motor in which, the rotation of the rotor is synchronized with the frequency of the supply current.
 
Basic Structure of a PMS Motor
In the above arrangement , 3 phase AC is supplied to stator windings ,which in-turn produces a rotating magnetic field. The rotation period is exactly equal to an integral number of AC cycles.. The rotor with permanent magnets turns in step with the stator field at the same rate.

Architecture and working of PMSM is same as that of BLDC motors. Difference is that , in a BLDC motor DC supply is electronically switched/commuted to get an varying /rotating magnetic field and in PMSM a 3 phase AC supply is used to get a rotating magnetic field.

Advantages of PMSMS motors
  • Similar to BLDC motors these motors also have traction characteristics like high power density and high efficiency.
  • Permanent Magnet Synchronous motors are available for higher power ratings. 
Now days PMSM is the best choice for high performance applications like cars, buses.

Disadvantages:
  • PMSM is also costlier than BLDC motors.
Most of the automotive manufacturers use PMSM motors for their hybrid and electric vehicles. For example, Toyota Prius, Chevrolet Bolt EV, Ford Focus Electric, zero motorcycles S/SR, Nissan Leaf, Honda Accord, BMW i3, Ather 450X,Hero Vida S, etc use PMSM motor for propulsion.

Tesla model 3 uses an embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor

Three Phase AC Induction Motors

A 3-phase induction motor consists of a stator and a rotor. The stator carries a 3 phase stator winding and the rotor carries a short-circuited winding. The stator winding is supplied from a 3-phase supply. The rotor winding drives its voltage and power from the stator winding through electromagnetic induction and hence the name.
 
 Principle of Electromagnetic Induction: A conductor placed in a changing magnetic field produces a Voltage or EMF (Electromotive Force) across it.
 
When the 3-phase stator winding is fed with 3-phase supply, a rotating magnetic field is produced in the motor. The rotor winding kept in this rotating magnetic field experience a Voltage or EMF (Electromotive  Force) across it. As the rotor circuit is closed with short-circuit so currents start flowing in the rotor conductors. Since the current carrying rotor conductors are placed in the magnetic field produced by the stator winding, the rotor conductors experience mechanical force. The sum of the mechanical forces on all the rotor conductors produce a torque which moves the rotor in the same direction as the rotating magnetic field.
 
Disadvantages of AC Induction Motors
  • The induction motors do not have a high starting toque like DC series motors under fixed voltage and fixed frequency operation. ‘
  • The 3-phase induction motors are constant speed motors; hence their speed control is very difficult. It requires complex inverter circuit and control of the motor is difficult.
  • AC Induction motors produce a constant acceleration up to certain speeds and then fall away rapidly.
  • Car battery output is DC. This need to be converted to AC for supplying to motors.
Advantages
  • Simple design
  • Induction motors have a long life due to less maintenance.
  • It is less expensive.
  • Induction motors can be designed up to an efficiency of 92-95%.
Electric Vehicles using AC induction motors:
The AC induction motor is selected for the most of the Tesla models. Tesla Model S ,Model X and model Y uses AC motor

Switched Reluctance Motors (SRM)

Working of Switched reluctance motor in Electric vehicles
Basic Structure of an SR Motor
The SRM has stator windings and rotor core made up of soft magnetic material (often laminated steel).The rotor has no magnets or coils attached. When power is applied to the stator windings, the rotor's magnetic reluctance creates a force that attempts to align the rotor pole with the nearest stator pole. In order to attain rotation, an electronic control system is used to switch the power supplied to the windings of successive stator poles , pulling the rotor forward.

Advantages:
  • Switched Reluctance motors are simple in construction and robust.
  • The rotor of the SRM is a piece of laminated steel with no windings or permanent magnets on it. This makes the inertia of the rotor less which helps in high acceleration.
  • The robust nature of SRM makes it suitable for the high speed applications.
  • SRM also offers high power density which are some required characteristics of Electric Vehicles.
  • Since the heat generated is mostly confined to the stator, it is easier to cool the motor.
Disadvantages :
  • The biggest drawback of the SRM is the complexity in control and increase in the switching circuit. Still SRM is not a preferred choice in EVs . It is still evolving .

Conclusion :Why BLDC Motors is mostly used in EVs.

  1.  In comparison to AC induction motors, BLDC motors are  expensive to manufacture but are very efficient (up to 90%)
  2. They are lighter in weight, compact in size ,So suitable for high power density design.
  3. Lesser maintenance due to Brushless and Commuter less design. 
  4. Simpler to control the speed and reverse function than the AC motors. Braking  and acceleration can be controlled precisely using electronic controllers .
  5. Especially in lighter vehicles like two wheelers and three wheelers, BLDC hub motors makes the design simpler and compact. 
  6. Countries like  China, it has become easy to produce BLDC motors  in huge numbers.  China is producing Low, Medium and High Powered BLDC Motors for EVs in huge numbers and supplying all over the world. You can even purchase a  BLDC hub motor for an electric Scooter as low as $50. This makes manufactures choose BLDC motors for most of the electric two wheelers. 
  7. Motors like Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM)  are much better(in efficiency with no torque ripple & less noise) than BLDC but they are more expensive to manufacture This makes manufacturers choose BLDC motors for most of the electric two wheelers and other light vehicles. Latest two wheelers models are also equipped with PMSM motors. However BLDC motors are preferred for low cost models.  
Each motor has its own advantage. For example ,in Tesla Model Y Rear motor is AC permanent magnet synchronous motor, liquid-cooled, with variable frequency drive. Front motor (AWD vehicles) is AC induction motor, liquid-cooled, with variable frequency drive.
Electric Vehicle market is fast evolving and new types of motors are being developed by leading manufacturers . 

Aim of this article is limited to "Why BLDC motors are being preferred in light Electric Vehicles ?"

Wednesday 26 June 2019

How to use UPI: Unified Payments Interface ?

UPI :Unified Payments Interface

UPI Unified Payments Interface

Unified Payments Interface (UPI) is a system that powers multiple bank accounts into a single mobile application (of any participating bank). UPI works by instantly transferring funds between two bank accounts on a mobile platform.

UPI is controlled and regulated by NPCI(National Payment Corporation of India).UPI launched on 11th April 2016 by the Reserve Bank of India Governor Dr.Raghuram G Rajan at Mumbai with the aim of Cashless India.

How to Use UPI service?

Any UPI client app may be used and multiple bank accounts may be linked to single app. Official UPI app launched by NPCI is BHIM or Bharath Interface for Money.Anyone with a bank account + registered mobile number + debit card can use BHIM app.

How to transact using BHIM?

Step1:Download and install the App from Paystore or iOS app store.

Step2:Select the mobile number linked to your bank account, in case you are using a dual SIM phone

Step 3:Enter your bank Account
Up on selecting SIM an SMS will be send to verify your mobile number. After verification you will be asked to enter your bank account number.

Step3:After validating your bank account and mobile number you will be asked to set a four digit Passcode.



Confirm your Passcode and proceed.
Step5:Select bank account enter and enter last six digit of your ATM/Debit card and validity

Step6:After validating ATM/Debit card details and OTP will be received .Enter  OTP and set 4 digit UPI PIN.


Now app is ready to use.


STEPS to use UPI through USSD service *99#

It is not necessary to have an internet enabled smart phone to use avail UPI services. You can transact using UPI through USSD service.


Apart from BHIM UPI app almost all banks operating in India have their own mobile banking application with UPI integration.

Performing a UPI Transaction:Sending money using virtual address

  1. User logs in to UPI application
  2. After successful login, user selects the option of Send Money/Payment
  3. User enters beneficiary’s/Payee virtual id, amount and selects account to be debited
  4. User gets confirmation screen to review the payment details and clicks on Confirm
  5. User now enters UPI PIN
  6. User gets successful or failure message

Requesting money:

  1. User logs in to his bank’s UPI application
  2. After successful login, user selects the option of collect money (request for payment)
  3. User enters remitters/payers virtual id, amount and account to be credited
  4. User gets confirmation screen to review the payment details and clicks on confirm
  5. The payer will get the notification on his mobile for request money
  6. Payer now clicks on the notification and opens his banks UPI app where he reviews payment request
  7. Payer then decides to click on accept or decline
  8. In case of accept payment, payer will enter UPI PINto authorize the transaction
  9. Transaction complete, payer gets successful or decline transaction notification
  10. Payee/requester gets notification and SMS from bank for credit of his bank account

Other Popular UPI app

1. Paytm
Paytm was founded in 2010 by Vijay Shekhar as didgital wallet. After the introduction of UPI they have integrated all UPI services in their existing app.


2.Google pay(formerlyTez)

Google pay is a system developed by Google to power in-app and tap-to-pay purchases on mobile devices, enabling users to make payments with Android phones, tablets or watches.You can use Google pay as a digital wallet as well as a UPI app.Google pay is one of the most popular UPI app in India

3.Phonepe

PhonePe is a financial technology company headquartered in Bangalore, India. It was founded in December 2015. It provides an online payment system based on Unified Payments Interface (UPI).Phonepe app is also a popular UPI app after googlepay.


BHIM QR payment system

Almost all UPI apps now support QR code based payments system. in QR code payment you need to scan a QR code instead of entering recipient VPA. 

Once you install the app and register yourselves , you can generate two types of QR Codes:
  • A dynamic one-time unique QR Code for a fixed amount
  • A static code for any amount
A dynamic one-time unique QR Code for a fixed amount:You can generate a dynamic QR code for receiving a certain amount from a person.You have to opt for request money.
BHIM QR CODE
Under request money you will get 'Generate QR code' option as shown below. Payment request can be directly send by entering UPI ID of payer or else you can generate QR code. 
dynamic BHIM qr code
Enter amount and press generate QR code


You can share QR code with the payer or he/she can directly scan the QR code from his/her UPI app and make the payment instantly.
static bhim qr code

For getting static QR code go to your profile. There you can download/share your QR code. This can be used for receiving any amount.

BHIM QR generation
As government of India is focusing on cashless economy , BHIM and UPI is expected to gain wide popularity among its citizens.

Monday 4 March 2019

48 megapixel Camera Mobilephones avaialvble in India

Honor V20 and Redmi Note 7 pro are the currently available 48MP camera phones in India

48 mp camera phones launched in india

Sony and Samsung both announced 48-megapixel image sensors designed for smartphones earlier this year,now device manufactures have started using these massive pixel arrays in their devices. Chinese telecom giant Huawei's most successful brand Honor is the first to introduce 48MP camera phones in India, followed by another chinese company Xiomi .

Honor V20, one of the world’s first phones to feature a big 48-megapixel camera comes with a triple-rear camera setup using Sony sensors.Apart from a big 48-megapixel camera, Honor V20 comes with a punch hole on the screen to accommodate the selfie camera.The device is priced at Rs. 37,999 for 6GB128GB variant and Rs. 45,999 for 8GB,256GB variant.

Redmi Note 7 Pro features 48MP+5MP dual rear camera, 13MP front camera and 4,000 mAh battery. The 4GB RAM or 64GB internal memory and 6GB RAM or 128GB internal memory variants will go on sale from March 13 and priced from Rs.13,999.

Here is the detailed specs and features of both devices

Honor View20(V20)

redmi note 7 pro with 48megapixel camera

Honor V20 Detailed Specification

  • OS:Android 9.0 (Pie); Magic UI 2
  • RAM 6 GB,8GB
  • Internal Storage: 256 GB, 8 GB RAM or 128 GB, 6/8 GB RAM
  • Display:IPS LCD capacitive touchscreen, 16M colors,Size 6.4 inches, 101.4 cm2 (~85.7% screen-to-body ratio),Resolution 1080 x 2310 pixels (~398 ppi density)
  • CPU:Octa-core (2x2.6 GHz Cortex-A76 & 2x1.92 GHz Cortex-A76 & 4x1.8 GHz Cortex-A55)
  • Main camera:Dual48 MP, f/1.8, 1/2", 0.8µm, PDAF,TOF 3D stereo camera
  • Item Weight: 181 g
  • Product Dimensions: 15.7 x 0.8 x 7.5 cm
  • Batteries: 1 Lithium Polymer batteries required. (included)4000mah
  • Wireless communication technologies :Bluetooth, WiFi Hotspot
  • Connectivity technologies: GSM, (B2/B3/B5/B8), WCDMA (B1/B2/B4/B5/B6/B8/B19), 4G LTE, TD, (B38/ B40/ B41), FDD, (B1/B2/B3/B4/B5/B6/B7/B8/B19/B20/B28)
  • SIM Dual SIM (Nano-SIM, dual stand-by)
  • Other camera features :25 MP, f/2.0, 27mm
  • Sensors Fingerprint (rear-mounted), accelerometer, gyro, proximity, compass
  • Form factor :Touchscreen Phone

Honor View20:Top Features

48MP AI Camera:

HOnor v20  48mp AI camera
Capture mind-blowing details with the 48MP AI camera and Sony IMX 586 sensor, further enhanced by dual-NPU and dual-ISP. The brilliant technology ensures every detail is captured with high clarity and there is no pixilation even if the image is zoomed multiple times.

TOF 3D Camera

honor v20 ToF 3D camera
Master of 3D Photography:Honor View20 comes with an innovative TOF(Time-of-Flight) 3D rear camera, which can capture precise depth information to instantly identify and separate people from the background. Apart from this you can also enjoy 3D games which can be controlled by gesture or movements. The dual AI NPU recognizes over 60 categories and 1500 scenarios and adjusts settings in real time for the stunning images.

In-Screen Camera
honor 48mp inscreen camera
Capture stunning selfies with 25MP In-screen AI camera. The AI algorithm adjusts the camera settings to give you the perfect selfie, each time. Capture yourself like never before!

7nm Mobile AI Chipset

7nm System on Chip: For processing and optimized battery performance.
1st Dual-core NPU: The advanced, capable and efficient on-device AI Processing Unit which able to recognize up to 4500 images per minute.
A76 Cortex CPU: A new Architecture to make your everyday more smart and efficient.
CAT 21 Modem giving a downloading speed upto 1.4Gbps.

4000mAh Battery with Super Charger

honor 48mo camera with fast charging

No More Low-Battery Anxiety:Get 1.5 days of use with the huge 4000mAh battery. Power up faster than ever with Super Charger 5V 4A which gives you up to a day’s charge in 30 minutes! * Now overnight charging is no longer a must.

More Speed. More Capacity
Experience the next level of gaming and graphic performance with the Mali G76 GPU. And the LPPDDR4X RAM supporting 2133MHz ensures you can swipe through swiftly among games, apps, mails etc without any lag.

GPU Turbo 2.0
Forget Game lags. GPU Turbo 2.0 gives you a full-frame gaming experience while still reducing power consumption.

The Nine Liquid Cooling Technology

Honor v20 liquid cooling
The innovative 'S-shaped heat pipe' cools a wide area of heat to assure sustained peak gaming performance, no matter how intensely you are gaming.

Wi-Fi- Triple Antenna
No matter how you hold your phone when gaming online, the triple Antenna Wi-Fi maintains a strong Wi-Fi signal for a seamless and next to lag-free gaming experience.

All-View Display

honor v20 all view display
Experience new levels of visual delight with the innovative in-screen camera that sits beneath the glass, giving you an amazing 91.8% screen to body ratio.

Magic UI based on Android 9

Now scan any food and measure the calories with magical AI Calorie Counting on the Honor View20. Keeping your healthy eating resolution just became easier.

AI Dual Frequency GPS

Get upto 10 times more accurate GPS positioning thanks to AI dual frequency GPS. The Honor View20 simultaneously receives GPS signals in two frequency bands, which enhances navigation accuracy, especially in dense urban environments.

Redmi Note 7pro

The Note series has been the most successful products for Xiaomi, which has led the Indian smartphone market for the last few quarters. Xiaomi had sold about 12 million units of its Note devices in 2018.The smartphone features Qualcomm Snapdragon 660 chipset, 6.3-inch display, 12MP+2MP dual rear camera, 13MP front camera and 4,000 mAh battery. It will be available in 3GB/32GB and 4GB/64GB variants.
Xiaomi Redmi note 7 pro with 48 mp camera


Redmi Note 7 Pro Specification

  • Display: 16cm (6.3) FHD+ Dot Notch Display (2340x1080 FHD+, 409 PPI); Corning® ️Gorilla® ️Glass 5
  • Chipset: Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ 675 AIE Octa-core; processor upto 2.0GHz; Adreno 612 GPU, upto 845MHz (4+64GB / 6+128GB)
  • OS: Android 9.0 Pie-based MIUI 10
  • RAM: 4/6GB
  • Storage: 64/128GB (Supports storage expansion up to 256GB)
  • Rear Camera (Main): 48MP+5MP AI dual camera; 1.6μm large pixel; f/1.79 aperture lens
  • Selfie Camera: 13 MP
  • Battery: 4000mAh (typ)/3900mAh (min); Supports Qualcomm®️ Quick Charge™️ 4 technology
  • Price: Rs 13,999 (4+64GB); Rs 16,999 (6+128GB)
  • Release: March 13

The Redmi Note 7 Pro will be sold via Mi.com, Flipkart, and Mi Home stores, with select offline retailers to follow.

The company has also launched Redmi Note 7 that will retail for Rs 9,999 onwards beginning March 6.

Top Features of Redmi note 7Pro

1.6μm 4-in-1 high sensitivity pixel and Steady handheld night photography
Redmi note 7 pro with 48 mp camera
With a single tap, the camera automatically captures multiple images and combines them into a single, high quality photo. Redmi Note 7 Pro also features a high sensitivity mode that will combine 4 pixels into a single 1.6μm Super Pixel to produce a high quality low-light shot. The high light sensitivity component allows the camera to capture balanced shots even in dark environments.

Powerful performance
11nm Octa-core Kryo™ 460 processoIt shares the same A76 architecture as flagship Snapdragon 855 processor and is designed to enhance your gaming experience.
The faster Redmi Note, delivers 155% performance of the Redmi Note 6 Pro.

Long battery life
4000mAh high-capacity battery.Type-C charging port supports Qualcomm®️ Quick Charge™️ 4 Technology

All-New Look
Note 7Pro features Superior quality Corning® Gorilla® Glass 5 display.The Note 7 Pro features a 2.5D gradient reflective glass back that changes color with the light and is made with the Corning® Gorilla® Glass 5

Sunlight display
The Dot Notch Display comes as the latest innovation aimed at maximizing the Full Screen Display experience. The design features the front camera without compromising on screen space. The FHD+ 2340 x 1080 resolution enriches your viewing experience by delivering crisp visuals and sharper details.

Tuesday 2 October 2018

Reliance Jio ready to launch 5G by 2020

When Jio is going to launch 5G in India?

Jio 5g roll out in india
Reliance Jio is preparing to launch fifth generation, or 5G, telecom services by mid of 2020."Jio has 5G-ready LTE network and we are capable of launching the new technology-based services within five-six months once spectrum is allocated ",a company official of Mukesh Ambani-owned RJIL(Realince Jio Infocom ) said.

The government recently said it plans to allocate 5G spectrum by end of 2019 which means the Jio could launch the 5g services in India by middle of 2020.


How much speed 5G will provide:5G network can support download speeds 50 to 60 times faster than 4G .At present Reliance Jio 4G network offers a maximum download speed of 100Mbps.

5G network key focuses:Fibre rollouts is a key near term focus for the telecom sector, especially for the development of 5G . Jio is aggressively deploying optic fibre which forms the backbone of a 5G network.Jio and Bharathi Airtel have started deploying  MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) and Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) and Software-defined Networking (SDN), to get their networks 5G ready.

5G network challenges: Biggest challenge would be the readiness of the ecosystem, including availability of devices, which support new spectrum band. But, reliance can beat this since they have already solved the same problem during 4G rollout.

Leading chip makers Qualcomm and MediaTek— are developing 5G-based modems.Chinese teleco Huawei is also a front runner in 5G cell technology and network devices .

Another challenge in 5G rollout is deployment of new cell towers. Since 5G uses higher band frequencies coverage area of each unit will be lesser than that of 3G and 4G. Instead of bigger towers numerous small towers need to be deployed across the country.

Reliance Industries is in discussions with both local and multinational vendors to ensure the availability ahead of the devices before the commercial 5G rollout. Globally, devices supporting 5G technology are expected to be available some time in 2019, starting with the high-end models.

5G upgradation would be easier for Jio which already has an all IP-based network, experts say.

5G spectrum allocation :Telecom secretary Aruna Sundararajan recently said the transition to 5G from 4G could happen much faster compared with the switch from 3G to 4G services.The Department of Telecommunications (DoT) has already invited Jio , Bharti Airtel, Vodafone Idea and Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd (BSNL) for field trials for which it is planning to allocate free-of-cost spectrum for a limited period. This would provide an opportunity for telcos to develop the ecosystem and study the market. The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) has already recommended spectrum in the 3300 Mhz - 3600 Mhz range for the rollout of 5G services in the country .

Sunday 29 April 2018

How Facial Recognition Systems Work?

How Facial Recognition Systems Work ?Steps involved in facial re cognition process, Techniques for face acquisition,Applications of facial recognition,Face recognition with AI

In Facebook and other social media sites , you might have noticed that it has the ability to recognize people's faces. In group photos peoples’ faces are recognized and tagged. This is just one example of high-tech facial recognition software. Facial recognition is used in lot of areas like security systems, access control, identity verification etc. Modern smartphones uses facial recognition to secure your data from unauthorized access. Here is How Facial Recognition Systems Work.

How we recognize other people’s faces? ,Human faces have certain qualities you recognize. The spacing of eyes on a face, the position and width of a nose, the shape of a hairline and chin -- these are all things that you unconsciously use to recognize someone’s face. A computer uses same method to identify faces.

How face recognition algorithm works?

Like other “biometric” identification systems, facial recognition examines physical features of a person’s face in an attempt to uniquely distinguish one person from all the others. Other forms of biometric recognition include the very common fingerprint matching, retina scanning, iris scanning and voice recognition.
A facial recognition system measures the overall facial structure, including distances between eyes, nose, mouth, and jaw edges. Each human face has approximately 80 nodal points. Distance between these nodal points are measured and stored. These measurements are retained in a database and used as a comparison when a user stands before the camera.

Some of the features measured for facial recognition are:
  • Distance between the eyes 
  • Width of the nose 
  • Depth of the eye sockets 
  • The shape of the cheekbones 
  • The length of the jaw line 
These nodal points are measured creating a numerical code, called a faceprint, representing the face in the database.

Five steps involved in facial recognition process are
  • Capture - a physical or behavioral sample is captured by the system during enrollment 
  • Extraction - unique data is extracted from the sample and a template is created 
  • Normalization: Normally face image is captured at different angles and different distances gives different measurements. These values needed to be normalized before comparing with the stored template. 
  • Comparison - the template is then compared with a new sample 
  • Matching - the system then decides if the features extracted from the new sample are matching or not 

Techniques for face acquisition

Traditional:In this method landmarks, or features, from an image of the subject's face are extracted. For example, an algorithm may analyze the relative position, size, and/or shape of the eyes, nose, cheekbones, and jaw .These features are then used to search for other images with matching features.In this techniques facial recognition camera used is a normal camera.

3-Dimensional recognition:Three-dimensional face recognition technique uses 3D sensors to capture information about the shape of a face. This information is then used to identify distinctive features on the surface of a face, such as the contour of the eye sockets, nose, and chin. It can identify a face from a range of viewing angles.Three-dimensional data points from a face vastly improve the precision of face recognition.
Thermal Cameras:Input for facial recognition can also be captured with Infrared thermal cameras. In this cameras will only detect the shape of the head and it will ignore the subject accessories such as glasses, hats, or make up. It uses low-sensitive, low-resolution ferro-electric electrics sensors that are capable of acquire long wave thermal infrared (LWIR). Fusion of LWIR and regular visual cameras has greater results in outdoor probes.

Applications of facial recognition

Social Media :Social media platforms have adopted facial recognition capabilities to diversify their functionalities in order to attract a wider user base amidst stiff competition from different applications.eg.Facebook photo tagging.
Mobile Technologies  ,Face ID :Apple introduced Face ID on the flagship iPhone X as a biometric authentication successor to the Touch ID, a fingerprint based system. Face ID has a facial recognition sensor that consists of two parts: first module that projects more than 30,000 infrared dots onto the user's face, and a second module that reads the pattern. Infrared sensors are used to ensure the camera is scanning your actual face and not a photo or 3D model. The pattern is then compared with confirm a match with the phone owner's face already stored in the phone. Apple’s Face ID also depends on AI(Artificial Intelligence) programs to improve the accuracy. Many other phones like Vivo V9 also comes with built in facial recognition.
Free facial recognition apps and facial recognition software are available for download and and use in mobile phones and PCs. But they are of limited accuracy.

Facial recognition in Security services :Most useful application of facial recognition systems is in security systems. It can be used in large open spaces like airports, arenas and shopping malls.

Advantages of facial recognition over other biometric technologies.

Face recognition technology is the least intrusive and fastest biometric technology.

Limitations and drawbacks of Facial Recognition

Poor resolution images and poor lighting can reduce the accuracy of face-scanning results.
Different angles and facial expressions, even a simple smile, can pose challenges for face matching systems. 

Facial recognition loses accuracy when the person is wearing items like glasses, hats, scarves, or hair styles that cover part of the face. Makeup and facial hair can also pose issues for face detection programs..

Facial recognition algorithm using Artificial Intelligence

In modern facial recognition programs Artificial Intelligence and neural network algorithms are blended to get better results. Neural networks learn from examples and respond to inputs it’s own based on the knowledge it acquired through examples. Even if input images are of poor quality , artificial intelligence algorithm can distinguish and identify images accurately.

Friday 20 April 2018

Huawei to launch first 5G smartphone by mid 2019

At its Global Analyst Summit 2018 in Shenzhen,China, Huawei detailed its plans to release its first 5G-enabled smartphone in the second half of 2019.

Huawei aims outsmart it's western counterparts in 5G roll out revealing plans to launch a handset next year packing the firm’s very own 5G modem.

Huawei recently revealed the Balong 5G01 chip in February at MWC 2018, in Barcelona. The company claims the model is capable of 2.3Gbps bandwidth.

This particular model is designed for mobile hotspots and self-driving cars. However, it is also working on modems exclusively for use in 5G smartphone.

Huawei’s 5G NR products have passed TÜV SÜD's (the European Union's certification authority) strict verification requirements after several rounds of rigorous testing and evaluation. As a leading information and communications technology (ICT) solutions provider, Huawei is now the first company to achieve a CE type examination certificate (TEC) for its 5G products.

If Tech rumors are correct, first 5G handset would be from Huawei mate series.

5G handset from other manufactures

Samsung signed a strategic agreement with Qualcomm that covered the “transition to 5G".This tells that Samsung is also keen on 5G hansets.Samsung had previously earmarked 2019 for its first 5G handsets. Qualcomm already has its own modem called the X50 for mobile devices recently managed to hit speeds of 4.51 gigabits per second.

Intel announced a partnership with Microsoft, Dell, HP, and Lenovo to create 5G-enabled laptops based on Intel's own modems.

5G handset challenges

  • Building a 5G smartphone is more challenging than 3G or 4G as these will include multi-modes (2G,3G,4G,4.9G, 5G SA/NSA).Packing multiple antennas and chipsets into a single device is tough and challenging.
  • 5G uses Millimeter wave bands (26, 28, 38, and 60 GHz)., which makes the RF integration and positioning more complicated.Designing boards  for RF is challenging.
  • 5G network data speed will be 1-10Gb. 5G phone needs 5x more processing power and 2.5x more power consumption.Currently available batteries are not a good choice for 5 handsets.

Tuesday 17 April 2018

Amazing features of Vivo V9 AI camera

Unique features of Vivo V9 AI(Artificial Intelligence) enabled camera can enhance your selfies like never before

features of Viivo v9 AI camera
Vivo V9 AI Camera
Chinese phone makers Vivo launched their latest smartphone Vivo V9 with a almost bezel-free 6.3-inch display, 24MP front camera and 16MP+5MP dual camera setup on the rear. Vivo V9 primarily focuses on high quality selfies.

Vivo claims thats "The V9’s world-leading 24MP front camera turns your every selfie into a work of art. Experience greater brightness, color vibrancy, clarity and dynamic range, even in the dimmest light. Whenever you need it, your V9 is right there with you, capturing every moment with crystal-clear precision. Turn your selfies into masterpieces and shine in every photo."

Features of Vivo V9 AI camera

-Bokeh effect: The Bokeh feature lets you blur the background and highlight the foreground before or after taking the shot.The V9 uses two rear cameras – a 16MP main camera and a 5MP secondary camera* – and is supported by an AI Bokeh algorithm. This algorithm has been optimized based on machine learning of large amounts of data, so it can achieve amazing bokeh shots that rival DSLR camera results.
Bokeh effect
-Shoot and focus later:You can even shoot first and focus later, transforming every photo into an artistic masterpiece.

-AI Face Beauty:Vivo claims - with the help of its AI (artificial intelligence) it will be able to work out your age, sex, skin tone and texture by referring to a database of almost one million facial images from all over the world, it detects your gender, age, skin tone and texture, as well as the lighting environment, and uses this information to deliver astonishingly clear, beautiful selfies.
It can also learn your customized setting preferences and apply these settings automatically each time you take a photo. Think of it as your personal make-up artist, ready to make you look naturally perfect in every shot.
-AI Face Access:With the all-new AI Face Access technology, the V9 scans your facial features and unlocks instantaneously upon activation. It also identifies unauthorized access attempts by detecting light-reflected surfaces and subtle facial movements, helping prevent phone unlocking through use of photos or video.
Vivo V9 AI camera face access

-AR Stickers:Vivo V9 comes with pre installed Augmented Reality(AR) stickers.
AR Sticker features numerous stickers that you can use to decorate your selfies and show off your cute side. Set your style to super-sweet, funny or punk, and transform your look with just a single click. Get ready to be playful and enjoy some serious photo fun.
Vivo v9 AI camera VR stickers
-Time-Lapse Photography:Time-lapse photography is a cinematography technique whereby the frequency at which film frames are captured (aka the frame rate) is much lower that that which will be used to play the sequence back. When you replay this sequence at normal speed, time appears to be moving faster and lapsing

-AI Selfie Lighting:With every photograph, the V9’s algorithm transforms the original 2D photo into a 3D model in order to process the light authentically and artistically. It can allow you to choose from a range of light effects to create model-style pictures. Get ready to transform any environment into your own professional photo studio.

-Group Panorama Selfie:The Vivo V9 also comes with the group selfies that allows you to shoot panoramic pictures from the front-facing camera. The feature requires you to move around the phone to get in as many as people in the frame as you’d like.

Other scene mode that are available with Vivo V9 AI camera:Ultra HD,PPT,Professional,Slow,,Camera Filter,Live,Bokeh,HDR,AI Face Beauty,Panorama,4K video, Palm capture,Gender detection,LED Flash,

Sunday 15 April 2018

IBM creates ‘world’s smallest computer’ that’s smaller than a grain of salt

Recently during IBM Think 2018, the company's flagship conference, IBM unveiled what it claims is the world's smallest computer.The finished computer is smaller than a grain of salt.First of all let me tell you this tiny device is not for PC or smartphone.It has got some specific applications.
Left: 64 motherboards with two tiny computers in the top-left corner. Right: The tiny computer, mounted to a motherboard, atop a pile of salt. IBM
How much computing power tiny chip is embedded with?
It has the same computing power as Intel’s X86 chip from the 90s.It contains around million transistors.You may be wondering what we are going to do with such a small computing power.There comes the blockchain.

Architecture of IBM's world's smallest computer

IBM’s new computer, contains up to 1 million transistors, along with a small amount of static random access memory(RAM), a light-emitting diode (LED) and photo-detector that allow it to communicate, and an integrated photovoltaic(Solar cell) cell for power.
System architecture of IBM's tiny computer
How much it would cost?
IBM claims that it is “small enough and cheap enough to be put anywhere—and everywhere.”
The computer will cost less than 0.10$ to manufacture.On mass production it will reduce further.

Applications and uses of IBM's tiny computer

According to the company, the device will be a data source for anti-fraud blockchain applications.
Block chain is nothing but distributed decentralized database/Ledger that is nearly impossible to tamper.Blockchain became popular with bitcoin and cryptocurrencies. Specifically, this computer will be a data source for blockchain applications. It's intended to help track the shipment of goods and detect theft, fraud, and non-compliance.It can also do basic AI tasks, such as sorting the data it's given.

"Within the next five years, cryptographic anchors — such as ink dots or tiny computers smaller than a grain of salt — will be embedded in everyday objects and devices. They’ll be used in tandem with blockchain’s distributed ledger technology to ensure an object’s authenticity from its point of origin to when it reaches the hands of the customer. These technologies pave the way for new solutions that tackle food safety, authenticity of manufactured components, genetically modified products, identification of counterfeit objects and provenance of luxury goods".says IBM head of research Arvind Krishna.

Official release
It's not clear yet when this thing will be released — IBM researchers are currently testing its first prototype.

Thursday 22 March 2018

Airbus’ self driving Alpha one could be the first commercial flying taxi

Aerospace giant airbus aims to place its  self-riding air taxi in market by 2020.

airbus alpha one autonomous flying taxi

Vahana, the aviation start-up backed by Airbus had completed it's successful flight of its self-piloted air taxi. Test was conducted at a site in pendleton, oregon.

Despite the fact that self flying taxis are years away, lot of companies have already invested lot of money and manpower  to make pilotless air travel a reality. The autonomous vehicle programme is called ‘Vahana’ and it is being developed by Airbus’ subsidiary A³ (pronounced “A-cubed”) based in Silicon Valley.The company's aim is to design and build a single passenger electric  self-navigated aircraft that suites urban mobility.Airbus has said it wants to build a fleet of autonomous, multirotor  aircraft that can be used to fly from rooftop to rooftop in metro cities where traffic is dense.
The alpha one is  powered by it's batteries  and is fully autonomous. The  plane measures 20 ft long and 19 feet wide and has a weighs  745 kg. It can fly vertically with the help of it's eight propellers and a six-rotors.A vertical and take-off and touchdown  design help the aircraft to take off and land in regions like a parking lot and taxi stands. 

Here’s a video of airbus’ air taxi flying in oregon 


Besides airbus,many other companies  are also working on their personal self-piloted air taxi programme. Google is developing an unmanned flying taxi, named “cora”. The automobile is being advanced by kitty hawk, the silicon valley start-up supported by  Google's co-founder Larry Page . Cora can fly faster than 150 kilometers consistent with hour and has a variety of one hundred kilometers. Online taxi service Uber plans to start a flying taxi carrier in dubai, dallas, andLos Angeles by  2020.

But there are lot of hurdles before flying taxis take off, which include regulations and technical challenges.There are no electric-powered aircraft, in commercial operation today. Flying requires an incredible amount of energy, and present battery technology just doesn’t offer the power-to-weight ratio needed to achieve liftoff. Experts predict that it will be years, if not decades, before the technology catches up.

Tuesday 20 March 2018

When will 5G be launched in india?

Latest news from tech world points towards India's determination towards launch 5G along with other major countries


5G refers to the next generation of wireless broadband technology. It will be the successor of 4G wireless broadband technology. 5G will be totally different from it's it's predecessors. It is not only a high speed mobile network, but also a network of interconnected devices that can be accessed from anywhere in the world. Here device can be anything . 5G network envisages network of different kinds of devices connected using a standardized network backbone,that includes mobile handsets,computers,TV,Home appliances,Vehicles,IoT(Internet of Things) and other electronic devices and machines.

From the user’s perspective, 5G networks will offer higher speeds and more interconnect points. Experts believe that 5G will give a massive boost to Internet of Things (IoT), wherein devices, appliances and gadgets are connected to an internet network and can be accessed from anywhere in the world.

As you know Govt. of India is stressing on nation wide digitalisation programme and telecom war just got another face with the step-in of Reliance Jio. With the introduction of Jio, data has become much cheaper and competition has gone to it;s peek. But when will a full fledged 5G network be launched?.Let us have a look at some of the news about 5G in India and around the world.

AT&T aims to be the first U.S. carrier to provide 5G service

AT&T aims to be the first U.S. carrier to provide fifth-generation, or 5G mobile service to phone customers this year, pitting the wireless giant against VerizonCommunications (VZ) and T-Mobile US (TMUS) in a costly network upgrade race to spur revenue growth.AT&T claims that 'AT&T 5G services will be based on industry standards for 5G. To make this happen, we were one of the key drivers for standards acceleration last year.Because of that acceleration, 3GPP, the international wireless standards body, completed key elements of 5G new radio (NR) standards last month'. With these specifications now available, hardware, chipset and device manufacturers can start development. This allows us to provide mobile 5G services sooner.

"With faster speeds and ultra-low latency, 5G will ultimately deliver and enhance experiences like virtual reality, future driverless cars, immersive 4K video and more",said Melissa Arnoldi, president, AT&T Technology and Operations.

AT&T have already laid foundation for mobile 5G with the launch of 5G Evolution in 23 major metros; Atlanta; Austin; Boston; Bridgeport, Connecticut; Buffalo, New York; Chicago; Fresno; Greenville, South Carolina; Hartford, Connecticut; Houston; Indianapolis; Los Angeles; Louisville; Memphis; Nashville; New Orleans; Oklahoma City; Pittsburgh; San Antonio; San Diego; San Francisco; Tulsa, Oklahoma and Sacramento, California.

Last year, they also launched pre-standards 5G fixed wireless trials in Austin, Texas; Waco, Texas; Kalamazoo, Michigan and South Bend, Indiana with residential, small business, and education customers.

Verizon will launch 5G home internet access in 2018

Verizon has announced that it's launching residential 5G broadband (that is, fixed-in-place wireless) in three to five markets starting in the second half of 2018. It is expected that rollout will begin in Sacramento, California.Recently at MWC(Mobile World Congress) at Fira Barcelona Gran Via ,they were able to provide 5G network for entire area . It was fixed-in-place wireless network.Focus was on providing low latency network rather than a high speed network. Latency is the time taken by the network to respond to the request from user.

Huawei announces its first 5G chip for mobile devices

Huawei surpassed it's rival in 5G mobile device technology. Huawei announced its first 5G chip at this year’s Mobile World Congress 2018 in Barcelona, which will allow the company’s mobile devices to access the next generation of cellular networks, 5G.

The company claims that its Huawei Balong 5G01 chip is the first to support the new 3GPP standard for 5G networks.These 5G chips are capable of downloading data at 2.3Gbps. Huawei CEO Richard Yu says that his company has invested $600 million in the network technology, which will likely be used by everything from self-driving cars to mobile devices to smart homes. Huawei also manufactures network equipment and says that it will be the first company to offer “an end-to-end 5G solution through its network, devices and chipset-level capabilities.”

The chip would appear to be a challenge to other manufacturers like Qualcomm and Intel.
Airtel Launches India’s 1st 5G Capable Network

5G network in India

India launched it's 3G &4G little lately when compare with U.S and Europe countries.But India can't lag behind in 5G network. India is actively involved in the compliance and testing of 5G standards.India has recently constituted a 22-member high-level 5G Forum to evaluate and prepare a roadmap and action plan to meet the 2020 timeline.

With one of the largest delegations at the Mobile World Congress 2018, India highlighted its readiness for 5G services and technology leadership .India is one of the largest consumer of mobile data.This indeed going to bring global 5G players to India.

India's aspiration to take a leading role in 5G and Internet of Things (IoT) will ride on its ability to build core networks for new-age technologies and an enabling industry ecosystem, DoT Secretary Aruna Sundararajan said.

India plans to roll out 5G services for consumers by 2020 and to achieve that objective.Telecom secretary Aruna Sundararajan recently said that the telecom department was expected to finalise a roadmap for 5G services by June this year.

When asked about 5G spectrum auction in an interview during MWC 2018 , she said that the government will decide on it only after the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India submits recommendations to the government.

Airtel, Huawei conduct India’s first 5G network test trial

Bharti Airtel and Chinese telecom giant Huawei have successfully conducted India’s first 5G network trial at a test setup at the Airtel's network experience centre in Manesar, Gurgaon.

Abhay Savargaonkar, director – networks at Bharti Airtel, said the test is small but a significant step in its journey towards 5G mobile networks.He added '5G network data speed will be 100 times faster than current 4G networks.

During the test trial, a user throughput of more than 3 GBPS was achieved using the setup. This is the highest measured throughput for a mobile network in 3.5 GHz band with 100 MHz bandwidth and end-to-end network latency of approximately 1 msec. The setup included 5G RAN operating on 3.5 GHz band, 5G Core and 50GE Network Slicing router.

BSNL gearing up for bringing 5G in India

BSNL is gearing up for 5G as the telco had signed MoUs with Nokia& ZTE and started discussion with Japan's NTT according to a report by DNA..BSNL which is yet to launch its 4G services pan-India BSNL 4G service will be launchedpan India except for Delhi and Mumbai by second quarter of 2018. The reported quoted BSNL Chairman and MD Anupam Shrivastava saying, “The government is likely to infuse Rs 7000 crore in the form of equity while our investment will be around Rs 5500 crore. We expect the approval to come in April.”According to him, 5G is expected to come to India by next year.

Reliance Jio says their existing network is 5G ready

Jio cliams that it has an advantage over other operators when it comes to 5G rollout. One of the challenge in 5G rollout is building the underlying foundation for a resilient network(an all IP network). Jio's network is already IP ready. We know that Reliance Jio is the only network providing VoLTE based calling service in India.All other network providers switch to 2G/3G for calls.

5G network challenges

Unlike traditional 3G or 4G cellular networks that use lower band spectrum, 5G networks also incorporate mmWave spectrum, which is higher in the spectrum band in the 28 GHz and 38 GHz range.These spectrum bands can transmit very large amounts of data because of the amount of available spectrum, but only for short distances. Because of these constraints, the cellular network will rely on these smaller 30-foot towers rather than the bigger and geographically dispersed cellular towers used in 3G and 4G to carry the signals.This requires huge number of new sites and interconnections.

The telecom industry – currently reeling under debt of more than Rs 7 lakh crore mainly due to the competition triggered by the entry of Reliance may force the government to go slow on 5G spectrum auction.

As we have seen 5G network is not only a high-speed mobile network. It envisages an interconnected network of smart devices.Designing 5G capable devices are also a great challenge for manufacturers. Devices should be capable of handing ultra speed data transfer and new protocols that are yet to be finalized.

The core standards for 5G are being developed by 3GPP.For a fully functional 5G network architecture we have to wait till 2020. The first phase of 5G specifications in Release-15 will be completed by September 2018, to accommodate early commercial deployment.The second phase in Release-16 will be completed by March 2020.

Conclusion:Considering above discussed news, we could witness a 3.5 GHz band 5G network in India by mid 2020. Unlike older times, this time Government is keen on Switching to 5G along with other countries. Within a year India will be the largest market for telecom operators.Increased domestic and global competition will also help India in achieving 2020 timeline along with USA,China and Europe.It may take further many years for delivering full potential 5G network that we envisage.

Thursday 8 March 2018

Swipe Elite Dual Cheapest phone with 4G VoLTE Support and Dual Rear Cameras Launched at Rs 3,999

Swipe Elite dual chepest phone with volte and dual rear camera
Dual-rear cameras have been in the trend since early 2017.Swipe Telecom is an innovative Indian startup offering the budget tablet pcs and dual sim android enabled smartphones. Swipe has launched a new smartphone in the India today, dubbed as the Swipe Elite Dual. Priced at Rs 3,999, the Elite Dual is the cheapest smartphone with dual rear cameras  and 4G VoLTE Support . Let’s see what else it has to offer.. 

The Elite Dual also has support for 4G VoLTE, meaning you can use True 4G carrier operator SIMs like that of Reliance Jio 4G.

Swipe Elite Dual Complete spec

  • Display:5.00-inch FWVGA with cratch-resistant protection
  • Processor:the phone is powered by a 1.3GHz quad-core MediaTek chipset
  • OS:Android 7.0 Nougat out of the box.Android Oreo 8.0 upgrade can be expected
  • RAM:1GB of RAM
  • Internal Storage: 8GB of internal storage.
  • Expandable memory: The storage can be expanded up to 32GB with a microSD card
  • Cameras: Swipe Elite Dual offers dual rear cameras of an 8MP primary sensor and a 2MP secondary sensor. The primary sensor captures RGB shots, while the secondary sensor captures depth information. Swipe has added a selfie-CAM of 5MP and both the rear, front cameras have support for an LED flash.
  • Battery:The Swipe Elite Dual is powered by a 3000mAh battery unit
  • Connectivity:It’s a dual-SIM smartphone and offers connectivity options such as Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n, Bluetooth 4.0, GPS and a micro USB port for charging and data transfer. It also has a 3.5mm headphone jack.
  • SIMs:Two Micro-SIM slots supports 4G-Volte
  • Sensors:Swipe Elite Dual is embedded with Proximity sensor Accelerometer for enhanced user experience.

How to and Where to buy Swipe Elite Dual

The device will be exclusively available via e-commerce portal Shopclues in three colour options- Gold, White and Black starting March 8, Thursday. Alongside the launch, the company also announced its partnership with Reliance Jio to offer Rs 2,200 instant cashback for the buyers.Rs 2,200 will be credited to the customer’s MyJio account in the form of Rs 50 vouchers of count 44.

Thursday 22 February 2018

What to expect from Mobile World Congress 2018 Barcelona

Mobile World Congress 2018 is scheduled between 26 February and 1 March at Barcelona,Spain.

Mobile World Congress 2018 barcelona what to expect


  • The world's biggest phone show at Barcelona from Feb 26 to March 1
  • Samsung Galaxy S9 to launch confirmed
  • Nokia 9 ,Sony Xperia XZ pro,Asus Zenfone5 are expected
  • Huawei set to launch number of product
  • 2300+ exhibitors from 208 countries 
  •  Wearables and Health monitoring equipments to make a note 

MWC 2018 is about to kick start in city of Barcelona. This is the world’s largest gathering for the mobile industry, organised by the GSMA and held in the Mobile World Capital, Barcelona, 26 February – 1 March 2018.The show expects 108,000+Attendees,2,300+Exhibitors,400+Operator companies,10,000+Operator attendees and 208 Countries.Many big and small smartphone and accessory manufactures are expected to unveil their latest technologies and products during MWC 2018.

Leading Handset companies like Samsung,Sony,Nokia,,Huawei.Lenova etc. are all set to welcome WMC 2018 with their latest Mobile technologies and products

Apart from mobile handsets new wearables and accessories are also expected to be showcased at MWC 2018.Let have a look at what major manufactures might have brought for the great event.
Let us start with Samsung

Samsung at World Mobile Congress 2018:Biggest launch Galaxy S9 expected

Samsung galaxy s9 at MWC 2018
If rumours are correct Samsung Galaxy S9 is going to the biggest eye catcher of the show.Along with Galaxy S9 ,Galaxy S9 Plus with higher memory and larger display may also get launched.

Possibility of the Korean giant showing off a flexible wearable concept cannot be ruled out. Samsung had showcased their foldable phone prototype during a closed meeting at CES 2018 Las Vegas. So least one innovation in flexible technology can be expected from them at Barcelona.

Samsung Galaxy S9 and S9 plus may launch with 4GB and 6GB RAM respectively.Internal storage likely to be fall between 32GB and 128GB. Screens will be of 5.1 and 5.7 inches.

Sony at WMC 2019

Sony at MWC 2018

Electronics giant Sony may come up with some premium phones in Xperia XZ series.They may comes with a flagship Snapdragon 845 chipset, 6GB of RAM and a dual-lens rear camera .Sony may choose a A 5.7-inch 4K display for it's latest Xperia phones.An onscreen finger sensor can also be expected.

Huawei will ensure it's presence at World Mobile Congress 2018 with a handful of products and innovations

Huawei at MWC 2018
Huawei will be one of the show stealer of the MWC 2018.Apart from Huawei Handsets, they are ready to unveil a handful of products and technologies in 5G, IoT & Cloud .

On February 8, 2018, Huawei held a Pre-MWC 2018 Media and Analyst Briefing in London, during which the company called on all industries to work together and go beyond traditional boundaries in the areas of capabilities, connections, business, experience, and partnerships for a fully-connected, intelligent world.

Huawei says 'By 2025, 85% of enterprise applications will be deployed in the cloud, and 86% of global companies will adopt AI'.They also stresses on topics like ICT(Information and communication technology )infrastructure,Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G during pre-MWC 2018 briefing.So, let us hope they will come with some innovations in their pockets.

Lenovo: Moto

Lenovo may unveil next-gen Moto line G6 model considering that G5 was launched during last year.According to the leaks, there will be a standard Moto G6, a Moto G6 Plus, and a Moto G6 Play.

Rumours point to a Moto Z3 and Z3 Play with 6in, 18:9 borderless screens at 1080p resolution and another Z3 model may release at Quad HD resolution.

Nokia

Nokia 9 to launch at MWC 2018

Nokia's smartphone comeback story has not been great so far. HMD Global has launched a series of smart phones and feature phones with NOKIA brand name after it's take over,but they failed to launch something new and innovative. Nokia 8 was the latest in android smartphone series from HMD Global . But we're hoping the Nokia 9 is the phone to finally make the NOKIA brand handset pioneer again.

Nokia 9 will be a high-end flagship smartphone by the company .Nokia 9 is rumoured to come with a 5.30-inch touchscreen display with a resolution of 1440 pixels by 2560 pixels.Primary camera may have 22MB pixel .It is powered by a quad core processor and 4GB RAM and 64 GB inbuilt memory.Online leakers suggest that Nokia 9 will have dual curved edge bezel-less display with double-sided 3D glass design. The phone will get a rear-mounted circular fingerprint sensor.It is expected that phone will come with dual cameras on the front as well. Nokia 9 will feature reduced bezels on top and bottom of the screen.
Nokia 8 Pro, Nokia 7 Plus, Nokia 4 and Nokia 1 are also expected to be announced at the event.

Xiaomi

There are speculations that the Chinese smartphone maker will launch the Mi 7 as its next flagship.The official Mobile World Congress site confirms Xiaomi as one of the exhibitors at MWC 2018.However, it is unclear whether the they would launch some new models or just the upgrade to older versions.

December 2017, Xiaomi at the second annual Snapdragon Technology Summit in Hawaii announced that the Mi 7 will be the first smartphone to feature Qualcomm's Snapdragon 845 processors.Xiaomi Mi 7 is rumoured to sport a face unlock feature.This would be similar to Face ID feature in iPhone X.For better photography, the smartphone is likely to come with a dual rear camera setup.

Asus at MWC 2018

Asus has confirmed that it will launch a new version of its ZenFone smartphone during Mobile World Congress - the ZenFone 5.
It tweeted a save-the-date announcement, with an image of a giant, swirling "5".

Wearables and Health Monitoring equipment

Lot of companies researching in wearable health monitoring have registered for MWC this year. So we can expect some sporty wearables at MWC 2018. 

Major companies like samsung,Lenova etc.. are expected to unveil their smart watches at the show.Considering the fact that Android Wear 2.0 launched recently only, atleast some companies may hesitant to launch their product with older version during the show.

Few VR enabled headsets are also expected to make an entry into the show

Who all are not in WMC 2018?

HTC
Google's mobile device manufacturer HTC. Their flagship, which was reported titled HTC U12 won't be launched during the MWC 2018. HTC is undergoing financial turmoil hence they want to focus on their upcoming flagship device.

Apple
Apple doesn't usually unveil any of their most anticipated products during any public event. They prefer dedicated private event so that all the attention is on their product.

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